以前叫retrying，以装饰器形式作用与函数

基本用法
基本用法是将其用作装饰器：
import tenacity

@ tenacity.retry
def do_something_and_retry_on_any_exception():
pass

这将使该函数do_something_and_retry_on_any_exception一遍又一遍地被调用，直到它停止引发异常。很难设计出更简单的东西。显然，这是一个非常罕见的情况，因为通常想要等待一段时间的重试……其实其他的用法我是看不懂….

retrying原网址：https://julien.danjou.info/blog/2015/python-retrying

tenacity原网址：https://julien.danjou.info/blog/2017/python-tenacity

原文如下

A couple of years ago, I wrote about the Python retrying library. This library was designed to retry the execution of a task when a failure occurred.

I started to spread usage of this library in various projects, such as Gnocchi, these last years. Unfortunately, it started to get very hard to contribute and send patches to the upstream retrying project. I spent several months trying to work with the original author. But after a while, I had to come to the conclusion that I would be unable to fix bugs and enhance it at the pace I would like to. Therefore, I had to take a difficult decision and decided to fork the library.

Here comes tenacity

I picked a new name and rewrote parts of the API of retrying that were not working correctly or were too complicated. I also fixed bugs with the help of Joshua, and named this new library tenacity. It works in the same manner as retrying does, except that it is written in a more functional way and offers some nifty new features.

Basic usage

The basic usage is to use it as a decorator:

import tenacity
 
@tenacity.retry
def do_something_and_retry_on_any_exception():
    pass

This will make the function do_something_and_retry_on_any_exception be called over and over again until it stops raising an exception. It would have been hard to design anything simpler. Obviously, this is a pretty rare case, as one usually wants to e.g. wait some time between retries. For that, tenacity offers a large panel of waiting methods:

import tenacity
 
@tenacity.retry(wait=tenacity.wait_fixed(1))
def do_something_and_retry():
    do_something()

Or a simple exponential back-off method can be used instead:

import tenacity
 
@tenacity.retry(wait=tenacity.wait_exponential())
def do_something_and_retry():
    do_something()

Combination

What is especially interesting with tenacity, is that you can easily combine several methods. For example, you can combine tenacity.wait.wait_random with tenacity.wait.wait_fixed to wait a number of seconds defined in an interval:

import tenacity
 
@tenacity.retry(wait=tenacity.wait_fixed(10) + wait.wait_random(0, 3))
def do_something_and_retry():
    do_something()

This will make the function being retried wait randomly between 10 and 13 seconds before trying again.

tenacity offers more customization, such as retrying on some exceptions only. You can retry every second to execute the function only if the exception raised by do_something is an instance of IOError, e.g. a network communication error.

import tenacity
 
@tenacity.retry(wait=tenacity.wait_fixed(1),
                retry=tenacity.retry_if_exception_type(IOError))
def do_something_and_retry():
    do_something()

You can combine several condition easily by using the | or & binary operators. They are used to make the code retry if an IOErrorexception is raised, or if no result is returned. Also, a stop condition is added with the stop keyword arguments. It allows to specify a condition unrelated to the function result of exception to stop, such as a number of attemps or a delay.

import tenacity
 
@tenacity.retry(wait=tenacity.wait_fixed(1),
                stop=tenacity.stop_after_delay(60),
                retry=(tenacity.retry_if_exception_type(IOError) |
                       tenacity.retry_if_result(lambda result: result == None))
def do_something_and_retry():
    do_something()

The functional approach of tenacity makes it easy and clean to combine a lot of condition for various use cases with simple binary operators.

Standalone usage

tenacity can also be used without decorator by using the object Retrying, that implements its main behaviour, and usig its callmethod. This allows to call any function with different retry conditions, or to retry any piece of code that do not use the decorator at all – like code from an external library.

import tenacity
 
r = tenacity.Retrying(
    wait=tenacity.wait_fixed(1),
    retry=tenacity.retry_if_exception_type(IOError))
r.call(do_something)

This also allows you to re-use that object without creating one new each time, saving some memory!

I hope you’ll like it and will find it some use. Feel free to fork it, report bug or ask for new features on its GitHub!